Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and retained vegetal intraocular foreign body masquerading as chronic anterior uveitis

BACKGROUND The purpose of this single case report was to report the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography for the diagnosis and management of a retained vegetal intraocular foreign body. RESULTS A 23-year-old otherwise healthy male presented with a progressive vision loss in the right eye (RE). He reported a mild ocular trauma with a tree leaf 1 year ago followed by recurrent episodes of redness and pain in the RE that partially resolved after a self-medication with topical steroids. Visual acuity of the RE was limited to light perception. Slit-lamp examination of the RE showed an iris granuloma with overlying exudate and associated anterior chamber inflammatory reaction. Film X-rays, contact B-scan ultrasonography, and CT scan showed no abnormalities. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography revealed an enclaved iris foreign body. The foreign body was removed after a short course of local antibio-corticosteroid therapy. This was followed 2 months later by cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation, with subsequent improvement of visual acuity to 20/40. CONCLUSIONS A missed intraocular foreign body can lead to sight-threatening complications. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography may be useful for detecting non-clinically evident intraocular foreign body involving the anterior segment masquerading as chronic anterior uveitis.